Determine the existence of inequality and gradient in out-of-pocket expenses, public spending and private spending, among American countries stratified according to their density of human resources in health (El Salvador Email List). Methods. Analytical and cross-sectional study of health inequalities for out-of-pocket spending (percentage of total health spending), public spending and private spending (percentage of GDP), applying human resource density (medicine plus nursing) as a stratified . Based on data from the Pan American Health Organization and the World Bank, 32 American countries were categorized according to their density El Salvador Email List , weighted, descriptive rates, differences, correlations, simple and complex inequality indicators were calculated. Results. There is high variability of density of RHS with significant differences between the high and low density categories. The first quartile concentrates of the population and of the HRH; the first 3 quartiles concentrate 48.4% of the population and of the HRH. Through stratification, a gradient and inequalities in expenditure indicators were evidenced, greater in out-of-pocket expenditure, with which the density of El Salvador Email List also presented a negative correlation.
The position of countries to fight all forms of malnutrition
Identify the position of the countries to fight against all forms of malnutrition. Methods. Qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study of the declarations of 91 of the El Salvador Email List countries that issued declarations at the Second International Conference on Nutrition. Results. According to the analysis of official statements at the Conference, countries continued to respond to nutrition-related problems in a traditional way. Food systems were mentioned as part of the problem and the solution, but little attention was paid to their determinants. Conclusions. El Salvador Email List The Decade of Action on Nutrition is driven by the urgent need to coordinate global efforts to combat malnutrition and could join forces to prioritize actions to address the determinants of malnutrition rather than its biological El Salvador Email List outcomes – it that requires compromises–; and to strengthen the capacity of countries to apply robust regulatory measures. These measures could be enhanced through efforts at different levels, taking advantage of multilateral environments, and by strengthening the participation of civil society, including the development of better mechanisms for the recognition and control of conflicts of interest in different political spaces.
Life expectancy, mortality and disability in Haiti
Investigate the magnitude and distribution of the leading causes El Salvador Email List of death, disability, and risk factors in Haiti. Methods. An ecological analysis was carried out with data estimated from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study for the period El Salvador Email List to present life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HALE), mortality from specific causes, years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), years of life adjusted for disability (DALY), and risk factors associated with DALYs. Results. LE and HALE increased substantially in Haiti. In El Salvador Email List , the population can expect to live longer, but in poor health. The Caribbean countries had significantly lower YLL rates than Haiti in terms of ischemic heart disease, stroke, lower respiratory infection, and diarrheal disease. Injuries due to traffic accidents were the leading cause of DALY for people ages El Salvador Email List . Injuries due to traffic accidents and HIV / AIDS were the leading causes of DALY in men and women aged 15 to 49 years, respectively. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of DALY for people over 50 years of age. Maternal and infant malnutrition were the main risk factors for DALY in both sexes.